Article
72 [Limits]
The Islamic
Consultative Assembly cannot enact
laws contrary to the official
religion of the country or to
the Constitution. It is the duty
of the Guardian Council to determine
whether a violation has occurred,
in accordance with Article 96.
Article
73 [Interpretation of Laws]
The interpretation
of ordinary laws falls within
the competence of the Islamic
Consultative Assembly. The intent
of this article does not prevent
the interpretations that judges
may make in the course of cassation.
Article
74 [Bills]
Government
bills are presented to the Islamic
Consultative Assembly after receiving
the approval of the Council of
Ministers. Members' bills may
be introduced in the Islamic Consultative
Assembly if sponsored by at least
fifteen members.
Article
75 [Spending Bills]
Members'
bills and proposals and amendments
to government bills proposed by
members that entail the reduction
of the public income or the increase
of public expenditure may be introduced
in the Assembly only if means
for compensating for the decrease
in income or for meeting the new
expenditure are also specified.
Article
76 [Investigation]
The Islamic
Consultative Assembly has the
right to investigate and examine
all the affairs of the country.
Article
77 [Treaties]
International
treaties, protocols, contracts,
and agreements must be approved
by the Islamic Consultative Assembly.
Article
78 [Boundary Laws]
All changes
in the boundaries of the country
are forbidden, with the exception
of minor amendments in keeping
with the interests of the country,
on condition that they are not
unilateral, do not encroach on
the independence and territorial
integrity of the country, and
receive the approval of four-fifths
of the total members of the Islamic
Consultative Assembly.
Article
79 [Martial Law, Temporary Restrictions]
The proclamation
of martial law is forbidden. In
case of war or emergency conditions
comparable to war, the government
has the right to impose temporarily
certain necessary restrictions,
with the agreement of the Islamic
Consultative Assembly. In no case
can such restrictions last for
more than thirty days; if the
need for them persists beyond
this limit, the government must
obtain new authorization for them
from the Assembly.
Article
80 [Aid]
The taking
and giving of governmental loans
or grants-in-aid, domestic and
foreign, must be approved by the
Islamic Consultative Assembly.
Article
81 [Foreign Business]
The granting
of concessions to foreigners or
the formation of companies or
institutions dealing with commerce,
industry, agriculture, service,
or mineral extraction, is absolutely
forbidden.
Article
82 [Foreign Experts]
The employment
of foreign experts is forbidden,
except in cases of necessity and
with the approval of the Islamic
Consultative Assembly.
Article
83 [Property of National Heritage]
Government
buildings and properties forming
part of the national heritage
cannot be transferred except with
the approval of the Islamic Consultative
Assembly; that, too, is not applicable
in the case of irreplaceable treasures.
Article
84 [Responsibility]
Every representative
is responsible to the entire nation
and has the right to express his
views on all internal and external
affairs of the country.
Article
85 [Delegated Legislation]
(1)
The right of membership is vested
with the individual, and is not
transferable to others. The Assembly
cannot delegate the power of legislation
to an individual or committee.
But whenever necessary, it can
delegate the power of legislating
certain laws to its own committees,
in accordance with Article 72.
In such a case, the laws will
be implemented on a tentative
basis for a period specified by
the Assembly, and their final
approval will rest with the Assembly.
(2) Likewise, the Assembly may,
in accordance with Article 72,
delegate to the relevant committees
the responsibility for permanent
approval of articles of association
of organizations, companies, government
institutions, or organizations
affiliated to the government and
or invest the authority in the
government. In such a case, the
government approvals must not
be inconsistent with the principles
and commandments of the official
religion in the country or with
the Constitution, which question
shall be determined by the Guardian
Council in accordance with what
is stated in Article 96. In addition
to this, the Government approvals
shall not be against the laws
and other general rules of the
country and, while calling for
implementation, the same shall
be brought to the knowledge of
the Speaker of the Islamic Consultative
Assembly for his study and indication
that the approvals in question
are not inconsistent with the
aforesaid rules.